Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a common but often overlooked oral health issue that can lead to serious complications if not addressed early. It begins subtly, often without causing pain, which can allow it to progress unnoticed. Understanding the signs and symptoms is key to catching gum disease in its earliest stages and preventing irreversible damage to your teeth and gums.
What Is Gum Disease?
Gum disease is an inflammatory condition that affects the soft tissue surrounding the teeth. It begins with plaque buildup, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If not removed through regular brushing and flossing, plaque hardens into tartar, which can only be removed by a dental professional. This buildup irritates the gum tissue, triggering an immune response that can lead to inflammation, recession of the gum line, and even tooth loss if left untreated.
Red, Swollen, or Tender Gums
One of the first signs of gum disease is inflammation. Gums may appear noticeably redder than usual and feel swollen or tender to the touch. This inflammation is your body’s way of responding to the bacterial infection caused by plaque buildup. If you notice that your gums are puffy or painful when brushing or eating, it’s a signal that something may be wrong beneath the surface.
Bleeding During Brushing or Flossing
Healthy gums do not bleed easily. If you find blood on your toothbrush or in the sink after brushing or flossing, it could be an early indicator of gingivitis, the mildest form of gum disease. While some people may dismiss this symptom as being due to brushing too hard, persistent bleeding is not normal and should be evaluated by a dental professional.
Persistent Bad Breath
Another subtle but significant symptom of gum disease is chronic bad breath, or halitosis. The bacteria responsible for gum disease produce foul-smelling toxins that can linger in your mouth even after brushing. If bad breath becomes a consistent problem despite good oral hygiene, it might be a sign that bacteria are thriving beneath your gum line.
Gum Recession and Tooth Sensitivity
As gum disease progresses, it can cause the gums to recede or pull away from the teeth. This recession exposes more of the tooth root, which can lead to increased sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks. Gum recession not only affects the appearance of your smile but also compromises the stability of your teeth. It’s a sign that the supporting structures around the teeth are deteriorating.
Loose or Shifting Teeth
Advanced gum disease, known as periodontitis, damages the connective tissue and bone that hold teeth in place. This damage can cause teeth to become loose or shift in position. You may notice changes in the way your teeth fit together when you bite, or that your dentures no longer fit properly. Any such changes should be taken seriously, as they suggest significant damage to the underlying support system of your mouth.
Pus Between Gums and Teeth
In severe cases, gum disease can lead to the formation of abscesses or pockets of pus. This is a clear sign of infection and often accompanied by pain and swelling. The presence of pus is a medical emergency in the dental world and requires prompt professional intervention to prevent further complications.
Gum Disease Treatment in Philadelphia, PA
If you suffer from any of the above symptoms, Dr. David Weinstock and his team are here to help. They offer a range of treatment options to help prevent and treat gum disease. Contact his office today to schedule a consultation and learn more about gum health.